UCSD Cov Neeg Soj Ntsuam Siv Zis Siv Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Me Qis

2023 Tus sau: Isabella Ferguson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-08-03 14:10

Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cov roj teeb tsis muaj lub zog siv hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws tab sis lawv raug nqi tsawg dua lwm cov roj teeb lithium thiab lawv muaj teeb meem tsawg dua nrog thermal khiav tawm. Hauv lwm lo lus, lawv nyiam tsis ntes hluav taws lossis tawg txoj hauv kev uas qee cov roj teeb lithium ion ua. Nyuam qhuav pib lub xyoo no, BYD nthuav tawm nws lub Blade LFP roj teeb, uas tuaj yeem hno tau, thim tawm, tawg, overcharged, lossis overheated yam tsis muaj lub cev tsis khov. Tesla Model 3 sedans tsim nyob rau hauv Suav teb tam sim no muaj cov roj teeb LFP. LFP tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub roj teeb thev naus laus zis tab sis nws tsuas yog qhov kev hloov kho EV xav tau coj tus nqi hluav taws xob tsheb qis dua rau kev ua lag luam.

Ib feem ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawd uas yuav tsum tau hais daws yog ua li cas rau cov roj teeb qub uas tsis tuaj yeem siv hluav taws xob tsheb fais fab. Cov kws txawj kwv yees hais tias Tuam Tshoj ib leeg yuav tsim ib co 500, 000 metric tons ntawm cov roj teeb lithium ion roj teeb xyoo no. Thaum xyoo 2030, tus naj npawb thoob ntiaj teb tuaj yeem tsoo txog 2 lab metric tons hauv ib xyoos thiab uas tej zaum yuav poob qis vim tias haiv neeg pib txais cov cai tswjfwm uas yuav ua rau kev hloov mus rau hluav taws xob tsheb sai dua. Qhov teeb meem yog, rov ua dua tshiab tam sim no lub sijhawm yog kim thiab lub zog siv hluav taws xob.

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv Jacobs of Engineering hauv University of California San Diego tau luam tawm tsab ntawv hauv Joule tsis ntev los no qhia txog cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab rau LFP cathodes uas siv cov khoom siv ib puag ncig, noj 80 txog 90% tsawg zog, thiab emits txog 75% tsawg dua tsev cog khoom roj cua.

Cov roj teeb ua nrog LFP cathodes tsis raug nqi tsawg dua li lwm cov roj teeb lithium-ion vim tias lawv tsis siv cov khoom kim xws li cobalt lossis nickel. Raws li Zheng Chen, tus xibfwb ntawm nanoengineering ntawm UC San Diego, nws tsis raug nqi rau txoj kev rov qab siv lawv. Nws yog qhov teeb meem qub nrog plastics - cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov pheej yig, tab sis cov hau kev kom rov zoo lawv tsis yog.”

Cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab uas Chen thiab nws pab neeg tau tsim ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub tsis tshua muaj nruab nrab ntawm 60 thiab 80 degrees Centigrade thiab ntawm qhov chaw muaj kev kub ntxhov siab. Qhov ntawd ua rau nws tsis muaj zog noj ntau dua lwm txoj kev thiab cov tshuaj uas nws siv - cov roj ntsha ntsev, nitrogen, dej, thiab citric acid - tsis pheej yig thiab tsis muaj teeb meem rau ib puag ncig. "Tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim dua tshiab ua haujlwm nyob nyab xeeb heev, yog li peb tsis tas yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb tshwj xeeb lossis cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Vim li ntawd peb thiaj tuaj yeem ua cov nqi qis no rau cov roj teeb rov ua dua tshiab, "thawj tus kws sau Panpan Xu, tus kws tshawb fawb txog kev kawm sab nraud hauv Chen chav kuaj mob.

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav ua ntej cycled ua lag luam LFP cov hlwb kom txog thaum lawv tau poob ib nrab ntawm lawv lub zog cia. Tom qab ntawd lawv coj cov hlwb sib nrug, sau cov cathode hmoov, thiab lawv tsau rau hauv kev daws teeb meem uas muaj lithium ntsev thiab citric acid. Tom qab lawv ntxuav nrog dej, cov hmoov txhuam tau qhuav thiab tom qab ntawd ua kom sov thiab ua kom sov. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau ua dua tshiab ntawm cov hmoov thiab sim lawv hauv ob qho tib si npib hlwb thiab hnab hnab. Lawv cov electrochemical kev ua tau zoo, tshuaj pleev tshuaj thiab cov qauv tsim kho tau zoo tag nrho rov qab los rau lawv cov xeev qub.

Txwv Lub Hwj Chim

Hauv kev siv, cathode yauv yauv ob lub ntsiab kev hloov pauv hloov thaum rov them nyiaj / tawm mus uas ua rau muaj kev poob qis hauv kev ua haujlwm. Thawj yog qhov poob ntawm lithium ions uas tsim cov chaw khoob hu ua chaw seem nyob hauv cov qauv cathode. Lwm qhov tshwm sim thaum cov hlau thiab lithium ions hloov me ntsis hauv cov qauv siv lead ua. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, lawv tsis tuaj yeem hloov rov qab yooj yim, yog li lithium ions raug daig thiab tsis tuaj yeem hloov mus los ntawm lub roj teeb.

Cov txheej txheem tsim los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb rov kho cov qauv ntawm cathode los ntawm replenishing lithium ions thiab ua rau nws yooj yim rau cov hlau thiab lithium ions hloov rov qab mus rau lawv cov thawj qhov chaw. Qhov hloov ntawd yuav siv thaum cov kua txiv citric acid nkag rau hauv cov txheej txheem. Lub citric acid ua raws li tus neeg sawv cev txo qis - cov khoom uas tso cov hluav taws xob rau lwm yam khoom. Citric acid hloov pauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau cov hlau ions, uas ua rau lawv tsis raug them zoo. Tias nyob rau hauv lem tsawg mintsis rau hluav taws xob repulsion rog uas tiv thaiv cov hlau ions los ntawm rov qab mus rau hauv lawv lub qub chaw hauv cov qauv siv lead ua. Nws kuj tso tawm cov lithium ions rov qab rau hauv kev ncig.

Thaum lub zog tag nrho cov nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem rov ua dua no qis dua, cov kws tshawb nrhiav hais tias yuav tsum muaj kev tshawb fawb ntxiv txog kev saib xyuas ntawm kev khaws, thauj thiab tuav cov roj teeb ntau. Chen xav hais tias "yuav ua li cas thiaj zoo tsim lub logistics yog qhov kev sib tw tom ntej," Chen tau hais. "Thiab qhov ntawd yuav coj tau cov txheej txheem rov qab los ze dua rau kev coj mus muag kev lag luam."

Mus Lawm Dab

Nrog cov log tsheb qub thiab roj teeb, cov neeg siv tsuas yog muab lawv pov rau hauv hav zoov thiab cia qhov xwm txheej coj nws mus. Yog tias peb tau ua qee yam zoo sib xws nrog cov roj qub traction peb yuav tsim kev puas tsuaj ib puag ncig ntawm epic proportions. Tsis yog qhov ntawd xwb, peb yuav ntuav tawm ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv raw peb xav tau los ua cov roj teeb tshiab, uas yuav zoo nkauj rau peb ib feem. Tab sis tshwj tsis yog kev rov ua dua tshiab yog qhov siv tau, uas yog qhov yuav tshwm sim tiag. Cov xov xwm zoo los ntawm pab pawg UCSD yog tias tus nqi ntawm kev rov ua dua lwm yam roj teeb yuav nqis thaum uas kev txhawj xeeb ntawm ib puag ncig los ntawm cov txheej txheem tau tsawg zuj zus. Qhov ntawd yog qhov tshaj tawm ob zaug ntawm cov xov xwm zoo nyob rau lub sijhawm thaum kev tshaj tawm xov xwm tsis txaus.