Cov Kws Tshawb Fawb Ntawm NREL Tsim Kev Tshawb Fawb Tawm Dua Tshiab Zoo Li Tus Kws Daws Teeb Meem

2023 Tus sau: Isabella Ferguson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-09-21 21:09

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav ntawm Tebchaws Meskas Cov Chaw Haujlwm Lub Zog Hluav Taws Xob Lub Zog Txuas ntxiv Tshiab (NREL) tau tsim kho lub zog ntawm cov kws thaij duab txuag hluav taws xob. Cov cuab yeej siv no thaum kawg tuaj yeem pab khoos phis tawm kom pom cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua li tib neeg lub hlwb thiab siv los ua cov pa hauv yam xws li tsav tsheb ntawm tus kheej.

Cov kev teeb tsa cia siab rau ib yam tshiab ntawm semiconductor - hlau-halide perovskites - uas tau ua pov thawj kom ua tau zoo ntawm kev hloov lub hnub ci rau hauv hluav taws xob lub zog thiab qhia tau muaj kev cog lus zoo nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm lwm yam thev naus laus zis.

Jeffrey Blackburn, tus kws tshawb fawb qib siab ntawm NREL thiab tau sau cov ntawv tshawb fawb tshiab hais tias "Feem ntau, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (perovskite semiconductors) no yog qhov ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm ntau cov thev naus laus zis." "NREL los ua xav nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no rau photovoltaics, tab sis lawv muaj ntau lub zog uas tuaj yeem siv rau tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev tshawb fawb."

Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov kws tshawb nrhiav ua ke perovskite nanocrystals nrog lub network ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov pa roj carbon nanotubes los tsim cov khoom sib txuas uas lawv xav tias yuav muaj cov khoom zoo rau photovoltaics lossis cov kuaj kuaj. Thaum lawv ci tawm lub laser ntawm nws, lawv pom ib qho txawv teb hluav taws xob.

Joseph Luther, tus kws tshawb fawb qib siab thiab sau ua ke "hais tias dab tsi ib txwm yuav tshwm sim yog, tom qab nqus tau lub teeb, hluav taws xob yuav luv luv nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv,". "Tab sis qhov no, tus dej txuas ntxiv mus txuas ntxiv thiab tsis nres rau ob peb feeb txawm tias lub teeb tau taws."

Tus cwj pwm zoo li no hu ua "kev tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam mus ntev" thiab yog ib qho qauv ntawm "lub cim xeeb," qhov twg lub teeb hluav taws xob tsoo lub cuab yeej muaj peev xwm muab khaws cia hauv "nco" zoo li hluav taws xob. Qhov tshwm sim kuj tuaj yeem ua ntsiag to synapses hauv lub hlwb uas siv los khaws kev nco. Feem ntau, txawm li cas los xij, cov duab tawm mus ntev yuav tsum muaj qhov kub qis thiab / lossis qhov siab ua haujlwm siab, thiab qhov nce siab tam sim no tsuas yog siv rau cov feem me me ntawm ob. Hauv qhov kev tshawb pom tshiab no, kev yees duab txuas mus ntxiv ua ib qho hluav taws xob ntawm chav sov thiab ntws tawm tam sim no ntau dua li ib teev tom qab lub teeb hloov. Ntxiv rau, tsuas yog siv hluav taws xob qis thiab tsis tshua muaj kev sib zog tau pom tias xav tau, ua kom pom lub zog qis los khaws lub cim xeeb.

Cov kev tshawb fawb tau sau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv, "Tsawg-Zog Chav-Ntsuas Kub Hloov Kho Kom Zoo nyob rau hauv Kev Sib Tw-Ntau Qhov Kev Ncaj Qha Nanoscale Perovskite Heterojunctions," uas muaj nyob hauv phau ntawv Xov Xwm Kev Tshaj Lij. Ntxiv rau Blackburn thiab Luther, daim ntawv tau sau los ntawm Ji Hao, Young-Hoon Kim, Severin Habisreutinger, Steven Harvey, thiab Elisa Miller, txhua tus los ntawm NREL, thiab los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm University of Wisconsin-Madison thiab University of University. Toledo.

Lwm cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua haujlwm rau cov cim xeeb thiab kho qhov muag neuromorphic, uas emulates txoj kev ntawm tib neeg lub hlwb khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Lub paj hlwb siv "neural network" ntawm cov neurons uas cuam tshuam nrog ntau lwm cov neurons hla synapses. Lub vev xaib sib txuas ua ke no yog ib qho laj thawj ntawm lub hlwb ua cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov kev siv hluav taws xob zoo, yog li muaj qhov kev mob siab rau cov kws tshawb fawb los tsim cov kev sib txuas lus neural uas ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb.

Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia yav dhau los tsis muaj cov qauv kev tsim qauv uas tuaj yeem tso ua ke rau hauv kev siv lub cim xeeb thiab cov neuromorphic computing applications. Kev xam pom lub zeem muag rau feem ntau ntawm cov tswv yim lub hlwb sau txog lub ntiaj teb, thiab cov lus sib dhos cuav no yuav raug muab tso ua ke rau hauv cov duab kev lees paub.

"Muaj ntau ntau daim ntawv thov qhov twg cov cim sensor tuaj yeem thaij duab thiab siv kev qhia thiab kev paub txog kev paub txog kev txawj ntse thiab tshuab-kev kawm hom kev siv," Blackburn hais. "Raws li ib qho piv txwv, cov kab ke zoo li no tuaj yeem txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob, kev ua tau zoo, thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov ntawv sau npe xws li tsav tsheb tus kheej."

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau sim peb yam sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob perovskites - formamidinium lead bromide, cesium lead iodide, thiab cesium lead bromide - thiab pom tias txhua tus muaj peev xwm tsim tau kev ua tau zoo mus ntxiv.

"Peb tau tsim yog tsuas yog ib qho yooj yim tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem ua los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm ob txoj kab ke no, thiab peb tau ua qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis nco zoo li kev ua haujlwm," Blackburn tau hais. "Yuav kom tsim lub neural network yuav tsum sib sau ua ke ntawm ib qho kev sib nkag siab mus rau cov haujlwm tsim vaj tsev ntau dua, cov ntawv thov kev nco ntau dua thiab cov ntawv thov ua duab tuaj yeem yog emulated."

Cov kev tshawb fawb tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm rau Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Semiconductors for Energy (CHOISE), lub zog ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Tshawb Fawb Kev Ua Haujlwm hauv Tebchaws Meskas Lub Chaw Haujlwm Lub Zog ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb.

NREL yog United States Department of Energy lub chaw sim ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws ib puag ncig rau kev txuas ntxiv hluav taws xob thiab txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev tsim kho tshiab. NREL ua haujlwm rau Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Zog (Energy Department) los ntawm Kev Koom Tes rau Sustainable Energy, LLC.